Standard Test Method for Elemental Analysis of Distillate Products by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

Importancia y uso:

5.1 Petroleum products may contain elements either in trace concentrations (for example, ng/g (ppb mass)) or in minor to major levels (ppm to mass %). These elements might be characteristic of the crude petroleum or might originate from specific inclusions of additives for beneficial effect in the refined product. Often, such additives have product specifications which control the quality of a product in commerce. Hence, it is important to determine these elements as accurately as possible. Other elements present at trace levels may be harmful to combustion engines causing wear or reduced performance, may cause poisoning of catalysts, or may be of environmental concern as combustion emissions. ICP-MS instrumentation is well-suited for determining these elements and is particularly useful for the determination of the trace level elements that may not be readily achieved by other techniques.

5.2 Various elemental analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), for example, Test Method D3605 and D4628; inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), for example, Test Methods D7111, D4951, and D5185; X-ray fluorescence (XRF), for example, Practice D7343, Test Method D7220, Test Methods D4927, and Test Method D6443; or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), for example, Test Method D6732 are used for this purpose. This test method is the first example where ICP-MS is used for elemental analysis of petroleum products.

5.3 This test method covers the rapid determination of seven elements in distillate petroleum products. Test times approximate a few minutes per test specimen, and quantification for most elements is in the low to sub ng/g (ppb mass) range. High analysis sensitivity can be achieved for some elements that are difficult to determine by other techniques.

Subcomité:

D02.03

Referida por:

D7455-24, D7260-20, D7260-20, D7578-20

Volúmen:

05.04

Número ICS:

75.160.20 (Liquid fuels)

Palabras clave:

aluminum; calcium; copper; diesel; distillates; gasoline; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; iron; lead; magnesium; naphtha; potassium;