Standard Guide for Preparation of Working Reference Materials for Use in Analysis of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Materials

Importancia y uso:

5.1 Certified reference materials (CRMs) prepared from nuclear materials are well characterized, traceable, and sufficiently homogenous and stable for their intended use. Usually they are certified using the most unbiased and precise measurement methods available, often with more than one laboratory being used on a national or international level. CRMs are at the top of the metrological hierarchy of reference materials. A graphical representation of a typical national nuclear measurement system is shown in Fig. 3.

FIG. 3 Typical National Nuclear Measurement System

5.2 Working reference materials (WRMs) need to have quality characteristics that are similar to CRMs, although the rigor used to achieve those characteristics is not usually as stringent as for CRMs. Similarly, production of WRMs should be in accordance with applicable requirements of ISO 17034. Where possible, CRMs are typically used to calibrate the methods used for establishing reference values assigned to WRMs, thus providing traceability to CRMs as required by ISO/IEC 17025. A WRM is normally prepared for a specific application.

5.3 Because of the importance of having highly reliable measurement data from nuclear material analysis, particularly for material control and accountability purposes, CRMs are used for calibration when available. However, CRMs prepared from nuclear materials are not always available for specific applications. Thus, there may be a need for a laboratory to prepare nuclear material WRMs to meet specific needs; for example, to match the matrix in process samples. In such cases, a WRM can be tailored to meet specific needs of a process or laboratory. Also, CRM supply may be too limited for use in the quantities needed for long-term, routine use. When properly prepared, WRMs will serve equally well as CRMs for most applications, and using WRMs will help preserve supplies of CRMs.

5.4 Difficulties may be encountered in the preparation of RMs from nuclear materials because of the chemical and physical properties of the materials. Chemical instabilities, problems in ensuring stoichiometry, homogeneity, and radioactivity are among the factors to be considered, with all three factors being involved with some materials. Those preparing WRMs from nuclear materials need to be aware of how these factors may affect preparation, as well as being aware of the other criteria governing the preparation of reliable WRMs.

5.5 While use of WRMs provides benefits for the laboratory, it is important to observe the distinction between WRMs, which are prepared by a laboratory for use by that laboratory (or, in some cases, an affiliated satellite laboratory or production facility served by the laboratory), and CRMs which provide certificates of analysis (in accordance with ISO Guide 31) and can be offered for sale.

Subcomité:

C26.08

Referida por:

C1865-18, C0791-24, C1625-19, C1068-21, C0809-24, C1210-21, C1108-23, C1165-23, C1718-10R19, C1207-10R18, C1267-17R22, C1432-23, C1297-18, C1316-08R17, C1204-14R23, C1832-23, C1156-18, C1592_C1592M-21, C1133_C1133M-10R18, C0761-18, C1009-21, C1855-18, E3264-21, C1871-22, C0759-18, C0758-18, E3264-21

Volúmen:

12.01

Número ICS:

27.120.30 (Fissile materials and nuclear fuel technology)

Palabras clave:

characterization; documentation; nuclear fuel cycle; package; working reference material (WRM);