Standard Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods

Importancia y uso:

5.1 The flash point measures the response of the sample to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties that must be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a material.

5.2 As a result of physical factors inherent in the apparatus and procedure, the closed cup flash point does not necessarily represent the minimum temperature at which a material can evolve flammable vapors, and the absence of a flash point does not guarantee nonflammability (see Appendix X1 and Appendix X2).

5.3 Flash point is used in shipping and safety regulations to define flammable and combustible materials. Test Methods D56, D93, and D3278 are specified as test methods for determining the flash point of these materials.

5.4 If the process or handling conditions dictate the usage of a flammable material at temperatures ranging upward from 5 to 10°C below the closed-cup flash point, then a flammable vapor might be present above the liquid. In such cases, it may be more appropriate to use the temperature limit of flammability (as determined by Test Method E1232) instead of flash point.

5.5 For single component samples, small-scale methods involving equilibrium procedures and only one flame pass per specimen are preferred.

5.6 For mixtures containing small concentrations of volatile components, special procedures are needed to minimize the loss of volatiles, with consequent elevation of the flash point, while the sample is being heated. (See X2.5.)

5.7 In cases where errors caused by loss of volatiles, downwards flame direction and quenching are unacceptable, the “lower temperature limit of flammability” can be determined instead using Test Method E1232. The temperature limit of flammability test chamber is sufficiently large to overcome flame quenching effects in most cases of practical importance, thus, usually indicating the presence of vapor-phase flammability if it does exist.

Subcomité:

E27.04

Referida por:

D8174-18, D8175-18, E1232-07R19, D0056-22, D0056-22, D0093-20, D0093-20, D0093-20, D0056-22, D0093-20

Volúmen:

14.01

Número ICS:

71.080.01 (Organic chemicals in general)

Palabras clave:

Cleveland; closed cup; closed cup methods; concentration limit; determination; equilibrium; flammability; flash point; open cup; Pensky-Martens; selection; small scale; temperature limit; use;